Tag American fascism

Bullet-Proofing

can't be all four

At this juncture, it’s reasonably safe to say that the right-wingers have long since blown by “crazy” and have drifted pretty thoroughly into “Bizarro-world”, but the unfortunate reality is that they are dragging all of us along with them. The situation over the weekend with the “moderate” New York Republican congressional candidate dropping out of the race due to pressure from wackos supporting a Palin-endorsed candidate shows that these people have “real world” effects that we have to contend with. The concern that Obama has squandered much of his popularity early is not just fretting that the Democrats will lose ground in Congress, but that the people they lose the ground to are, quite frankly, dangerous in their willingness to pander to the Tea-bagging Set.

As we labored through the eight long years of the Bush Administration, the left spent a lot of time comparing Bush and his policies and initiatives to fascism — a tactic which has come back to us in spades, unfortunately. Separating out the personality issues from both the left and right, however, it’s not too hard to see that there are genuine roots of fascism building in the body politic of the United States. Neither George Bush nor Barack Obama are particularly intent on becoming an American Hitler, but our overall political sensibility has accepted hallmarks of fascism and incorporated them into the political structure almost without so much as a passing glance.

I came across this post at a political blog called Cognitive Policy Works that looks at some of the grass-roots ways that creeping fascism can be countered. The POV of the piece is decidedly anti-Republican and needs to open up to the idea that the Democrats are hand-in-hand with the GOP in terms of most of these situations, but the suggestions themselves are not too idealistic or partisan:

  • Passing health-care reform — probably the most partisan thing on the author’s list. She argues that this will “restore trust” in government, but given the crap and patently obvious politicking that has gone on since this article was originally posted, I can’t see anyone on the right or left looking at this as a “trust-builder”. On the other hand, it DOES demonstrate that the public is being screwed by both political parties as they cater to their corporate masters, so maybe it might help reunite the ends of the political spectrum against their comon foe: the corrupt political system.
  • Re-establishing the rule of law — she speaks here not about curtailing the power grabs of the Executive Branch during the Bush years and the naked efforts of the Obama Administration to hold on to those breaches of the Constitution. Instead, she’s talking about trying to re-assert the idea that all are equal under the eyes of the law. Fascism’s particular flavor in America isn’t the anti-Semitic authoritarian sort that Hitler imposed, it’s the corporatism of Mussolini’s Italy. The legal system we have today treats corporations like private individuals and heavily favors the interests of corporations and their wealthy minions. Our government was created with the specific notion that it was intended to defend the individual and labor mightily to treat all citizens even-handedly, and this particular twisting of our system is insidious and dangerous without being either “conservative” or “liberal”.
  • Investing in education — okay, this is the one she hits out of the park. We are in this mess because ignorance and anti-intellectualism have soundly defeated the efforts to educate the public. Americans are pathetically unaware of their own history, since they rarely learn more than the platitudes of 8th-grade history class, and thus unusually susceptible to demagoguery that plays to familiar, patriotic themes. As Sinclair Lewis purportedly said, “Fascism will come to America wrapped in a flag and bearing a cross”. And don’t even get me started on “creationism” and other junk science. We have become a nation of gullible morons, uncurious and sometimes deliberately antagonistic to anything that smacks of sophistication. Credulous people are easily manipulated by messages that play to their fears, even when it is trivial to expose the lies behind the message. Death panels? Socialsm? Really?
  • Reversing our economic inequality. I completely agree, but it’s never going to happen. There will be no Cultural Revolution in this country, even though I think we are sorely in need of one. Just as society has always had to suffer the poor, it has also always had to suffer the rich. Economic equality is also not necessarily a counter to the effects of fascism; fascism really doesn’t care about class struggle, because it loads the political deck in favor of corporations so thoroughly.
  • Restoring liberal institutions — the crux of this point is in her discussion of the role of religion. American religious institutions are, for the most part, more likely to embrace and disseminate conservative values, and thus ease the path for the acceptance of fascist ideas. The failure of progressive Christian institutions to counter the effects of the fundamentalist right is enormous and largely left unacknowledged by those institutions. Until there is some common context for political progressives and religious progressives, there can be no effective counterbalance to the spread of fascist ideas through the auspices of Christian churches.
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Rules Of Engagement

The Nation Magazine features a blog called TomDispatch several times a week.  The blog is written by journalist, author and teacher Tom Engelhardt and usually devotes itself to the political issues of the day, as does The Nation itself.  Yesterday he featured an article written by a retired Air Force colonel named William Astore which looks at the persistence of the popularity of the military in American culture, and the penchant toward militarism that it engenders.  If, like me, you’re a bit used to the liberal editorial voice of The Nation, reading this piece written from the perspective of a career military officer will prove illuminating and insightful.  He’s not the usual axe-grinding, nonsense-spewing rabid conservative you might expect.  His analysis is coherent and worth paying attention to: while we on the liberal side tend to dismiss the significance of the armed forces as a societal institution, we would be well-served to have a better grasp of its positive strengths and its relationship to working-class America.  There is room, he suggests, for finding some acceptance and even admiration of the military.  Such acceptance might be the best way to defuse the more negative aspects of militarism, not to mention the political in-roads being made by extreme right-wing ideologies and fundamentalist Christians.

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Tomorrow Belongs To Me

Hitler Youth

William Ayers, a professor of education at the University of Illinois – Chicago, has co-written this article on his website that discusses a disquieting piece of information. The City of Chicago has over 10,000 students participating in Junior ROTC programs and over 1,000 students enrolled at one of five different military high schools in the city. Chicago’s public school system is the most militarized in the entire United States, but the idea of military public schools first emerged in Oakland, CA in 2000 when then-mayor Jerry Brown proposed a military magnet school. Similar programs exist in Philadelphia and Atlanta. The idea of bringing military discipline to urban high schools has been touted as a “no-nonsense” approach to restoring order into unmanageable classrooms and to provide college-preparatory-level education, but the statistics tracking college enrollment from Chicago’s military schools show rather uneven results.

Of concern to many critics is that these programs are disproportionately focused on replacing high schools that served black and immigrant neighborhoods. In the Chicago area, there are no military schools in any white community or suburb. The criticism is two-fold: one, that the use of military programs creates a de-facto two-tiered system of education based almost solely on race, and two, that the Department of Defense (which provides significant funding for the military schools and JROTC programs) is using the opportunity as a method of recruiting at a time when overall recruitment goals are not being met.

Ayers, et. al., take the criticism a step further and argue that militarized public schools are not only discriminatory, they promote a culture of obedience and conformity. Public schools, they argue, exist in a democracy to provide students with the opportunity to develop critical and independent thinking and to be exposed to a variety of ideas. The nature of military training is just the opposite — to drill cadets into compliance with orders, to act as units, and to follow strict discipline that rejects any questioning. They point out that during both WWI and WWII there was public debate about militarizing American high schools, but the idea was ultimately rejected by the federal government as unnecessary.

What goes unsaid in Professor Ayers’ article, but as subtext is loud and clear, is that this phenomenon is also part of a larger trend toward institutionalizing elements of fascism in American life. The well-known 2003 article “14 Characteristics Of Fascism” by Lawrence Britt identifies many common elements that existed in various Fascist states ranging from Nazi Germany to Suharto’s Indonesia to Pinochet’s Chile, and sadly far too many of them can be readily demonstrated as alive and well in George Bush’s America; fetishizing the military is a prime hallmark of fascist states, and since 2001 the idealization of the military has skyrocketed in our culture. Compelling young people to open identify with the active military by instilling the military’s own systems of discipline and training furthers the goal of maintaining high approval for the military establishment. Moreover, co-opting youth as ideological warriors transcends merely fascism and is a well-established mechanism of authoritarian governments of all stripes: the Hitler Youth, the Young Pioneers of the Soviet Union and the youth gangs of Mao’s Cultural Revolution were all state-sponsored groups utilizing elements of militarization to produce compliant political cadres outside of the formal militaries themselves that could be used for a variety of ideological purposes.

Proto-fascist sentiment has long been a part of the American national character, and the resurgence of extreme nationalism in the last several years, along with the constant and unchecked anti-democratic abuses of power by the Bush Administration, should give anyone but the most blindly-partisan right-wingers pause to consider how close we are to being transformed into a fascist nation. Using a variety of rationalizations for informally drafting and co-opting underprivileged members of our society into serving questionable politico-military ends should not be getting a free pass.

(Thanks to Jessica at Beacon Broadside for the link to Ayers’ article)

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What A Co-inky-dink!

Crew of the Enola Gay

PDB August 6, 2001

You know how some dates just seem to have historical resonance? Like how April 20 (Hitler’s birthday) also coincides with the Columbine Massacre and the Oklahoma City bombing (April 19, 1995).

Today we have a similar set of unrelated but significant historical observances: first, we mark the 62nd anniversary of the dropping of the first atomic bomb, which destroyed Hiroshima and ushered in the Nuclear Age. Second, today is the sixth anniversary of the infamous Presidential Daily Briefing (note: link goes to a PDF) in which George W. Bush was alerted that Osama Bin Laden was planning an attack on New York City in early September, but chose to ignore the briefing and go fishing at his Crawford ranch instead, ushering in the Age of Fascist America.

Let’s hope the two don’t somehow get mashed up for some future August 6.

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Wrapped In The Flag And Carrying A Cross

Naomi Wolf’s piece “The 10 Steps To Fascism” in The Guardian yesterday is all over Blogistan, so I suppose I should link to it myself.

The general consensus from the assorted political sites I pass through is that she’s on the right track, but she oversimplifies and overgeneralizes just enough to make her overall point rather weak. I agree with that. For starters, she’s borrowing very heavily from this 2003 Free Inquiry piece by Laurence Britt, which lays out 14 characteristics shared by several 20th century Fascist dictatorships and has often been used as a benchmark to gauge the political swerves made by the Bush Administration over the last few years. She also extrapolates just a bit too far on several of her key points: there aren’t really gangs of neatly-dressed Young Republicans going around smashing store windows, or a full-blown “detain-and-release” model of police intimidation, even though there are early versions of both.

Along those same lines, compare this piece by Donna Thorne at Infomation Clearing House.info, which doesn’t make quite so many claims as Wolf’s but gets to the same basic conclusion: that the American public is being softened up to willingly take on elements of fascist dictatorship through a deliberate effort on the part of the government to undercut democratic institutions.

For all of our rhetoric about freedom and liberty, American history demonstrates that there is a lot of general sentiment for the authoritarian aspects of fascism. Some of that stems from simple human behavior. Fear of the other and the need to create a common identity are just basic responses from our deepest monkey brains present in every single one of us; it takes a degree of enlightenment to work against these impulses and embrace concepts like “all men are created equal”. We Americans are fortunate to have had very enlightened individuals involved in the conception of our national identity who encoded these ideals into the framework of our government, but it doesn’t mean that the average person has genuinely mastered the degree of consciousness required to make sense of them.

America flirted very seriously with fascism in the 1930s in response to the Depression. A group of corporate executives actively recruited a U.S. Army general, Smedley Butler, to act as the leader of a fascist coup to overthrow Franklin Roosevelt. Butler not only refused, he went public with the details, forcing the capitalists to retreat. Many Americans belonged to pro-Hitler organizations like the German-American Bund, which only died off when key members were imprisoned at the beginning of WWII.

I, personally, have very little doubt that between the rabid zealots of the right who presently dominate what passes for “conservatism” in the U.S. right now, and the broad swath of the American public that is totally politically apathetic, the push to accepting fascism would not take very much. But I also think that the right has been greatly weakened in the last year or so as its failures have come home to roost, and the anti-democratic elements of the Bush Administration simply lack the political power to push any further.

This is where I think we need to be careful: the Democratic Party has had to shift rightward in response to the strength of the Republicans, and consequently has been willing to go along with that agenda, offering minor token resistance most of the time. Though politically emboldened at the moment, the spinelessness of our political class in general assures that were the winds to blow the other way again, they would quickly bend back to the right. Moreover, as is demonstrated time and time again whenever so-called “reformers” take control from an unpopular and corrupt government, the likelihood of the reformers simply becoming just as bad as the deposed regime is very high — it’s hard to imagine Hillary Clinton or Barack Obama, or even any of the “minor candidates” truly discarding the degree of executive control that Bush has been able to accumulate.

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