Tag brain science

Maybe This Is What They Mean By “Shit For Brains”

I’ve posted about the evolving understanding of the symbiotic relationship between humans and bacteria in the past, so I was intrigued by a story that I chased back to this medical news release site that says scientists have established a link between using probiotics and brain function.

Probiotics is a term used a bit vaguely and in a variety of contexts. Wikipedia says probiotics are “live microorganisms thought to be beneficial to the host organism”. In the public vernacular, we associate the word “probiotics” with things like yogurt with active yeast, or the lactase pills that people with lactose intolerance take when they consume dairy to counteract gastric distress (a situation I am all too familiar with these days). You probably have seen those ads for a brand of yogurt pitched by Jamie Lee Curtis where they basically plug the stuff for helping people poop more regularly.

The new study concludes that mice who consumed soup that had the lactobacillus found in those yogurt products had lower levels of stress hormones and exhibited less anxious or depressed behavior. The scientists confirmed their hypothesis by severing the vagus nerve in the mice — the vagus nerve is the primary nerve connection from the brain to the gut — and observing the return of stress hormones in the mice who got the special soup.

If eating Jamie Lee Curtis’s yogurt will reduce stress, depression and anxiety, maybe they’ll stop running those embarrassing ads where all the women make that gesture about pooping.

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BRAAAIIINNNSSS!!

zombie jesus

Seems like it was only a few months ago that the media had latched on to a story in New Scientist Magazine about a little study which suggested that our brains may be “hard-wired” for religious belief, and there was the expected round of resultant crowing from the Creationists and other looney religious types who saw this as legitimization, as well as some deft sociobiological rationalizations like this classroom lecture from Stanford anthropology professor Robert Sapolsky (the video in this link is quite long, so save it for some point where you have the time to watch), who offers a very good evolutionary rationale.

Now, however, comes the counter-argument that “hard-wired” is not necessarily the same as “deterministic”. A study by a different psychologist that was published last month considered the disparity in social dysfunction between the less-religious and more-religious countries in Europe and found that the more secular a society is, the less likely it is to suffer from various social ills such as high rates of homicide, teen pregnancy, and even unemployment. The argument thus made is the old nature-vs-nurture conundrum: we might be born with a predisposition to believe in religion, but we aren’t compelled to do so, particularly when acculturated otherwise.

On a slightly different, but thematically related, topic, the latest ish of Scientific American features a story about an emerging understanding of depression as an evolutionary adaptation. Depression and other mental illnesses are more clearly understood now in their physiological dimensions than they were years ago, but now are being looked at from an evolutionary perspective: i.e., what evolutionary value is there in the physical changes that occur in the brains of people with depression? The latest suggestion, according to this article, is that the state of depression acts as a counter-balance to our normally imaginative minds — in fact, the very sort of “normal” human mind that likes to believe in religion and other supernatural phenomena. People who are mildly depressed tend to have a more objective, analytical and realistic outlook on the world than either people with severe depression or “normal” affect. So, say the researchers involved in this study, mild occasional depression is almost like a mechanism for improved analytical ability or for a sort of “breather” for the brain to assimilate and assess the input it has received.

life is a load of crap

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