

On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln appeared along with former Massachusetts Senator Edward Everett and a host of other dignitaries to dedicate the opening of a cemetery for the Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. Lincoln was a last-minute invitee and second on the bill to Everett, who was considered to be the nation’s greatest orator, but his brief remarks have lived on as one of the greatest speeches of all time.
For this Memorial Day, I share with you the text of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address:
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
We Americans love to imagine ourselves as heroes. Our entire national mythology is presented as a steady stream of noble victories in the neverending battle for freedom and justice. Our telling and retelling of history endures no limit of twisting, rationalization, willing denial, and outright misrepresentation of events in order to preserve our almost child-like need to preserve our national self-image as warriors of liberty.
Once in a while, the truths of history even align in a way that we can reassure ourselves of this belief without having to cast a blind eye to reality. Nearly 8,000 men, Union and Confederate alike, died on the fields of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania fighting a war that was not really about slavery or freedom, but about the very basic and oppositional concepts that framed the founding of the American nation. Two very different visions of America, but both stemming from the philosophies of those founding fathers Lincoln invoked. Heroes all were they who fell at Gettysburg, and Lincoln’s blessing applies to them all equally.
Nearly a century and a half has passed since the American Civil War. Despite the superficial scars that seek to rejoin those disparate notions of American freedom, we are as deeply divided as we were on that autumn day in 1863. Blue and Gray have been succeeded by Red and Blue, but our idealistic visions of ourselves and our country still stand on far edges of a chasm, one that seems to widen with each passing day.
And in that chasm, once again, thousands of soldiers are pitched in battle. Though they do not fight against one another, the nature of their war and the struggle they represent is not about bringing freedom to the world or about the noble causes of enlightement, it is about us. The men and women who fight a war thousands of miles away from home are, in truth, fighting about our competing visions of ourselves. And, because we are so willing to bend reality to our liking, we have visited the devastation and death not upon the towns and villages of Pennsylvania or Georgia, but upon the innocent peoples of Iraq and Afghanistan. They die by the tens of thousands in a struggle that means nothing to them.
Lincoln’s assessment of his own remarks was wrong, to say the least. The entire world remembers those eighty-six words and the refrain of “government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” That people should be able to freely choose and determine the course of their own governance is not just idealism, it has become recognized as a basic right of every living person on this Earth.
But as I write these words, we are marking a day to remember not just those killed in the Civil War, but all of our war dead, including 3,455 men and women who have died fighting a proxy civil war. Just as the blood shed by those boys in Gettysburg consecrated that field where Lincoln stood, so does the blood shed now in acts of individual heroism continue to consecrate the graveyards of America. But make no mistake, their sacrifices have made no “noble advance” of the “great task”. Their deaths and the deaths of those thousands in Iraq and Afghanistan are, so sadly, entirely in vain.
Thus I would say to you on this Memorial Day that it is up to us to take even greater heed of the words of The Great Emancipator and re-dedicate ourselves to the standard of government of the people, by the people, for the people; to stand united against the ruthless men in power who try to take advantage of our divisions to profit from war waged under deceitful rationales; to live up to Lincoln’s words for as long as history lets us hear them.
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