Tag obesity

Joims! Who’da Thought Joims Wuz Our Friends?

The human body is, to some extent, just a luxury cruise liner for microbes.

Science writer Carl Zimmer has a post at Discover’s science blogs about the increasing understanding among scientists about the symbiosis of the human organism and its assorted microscopic passengers. Indeed, there is a growing belief that the symbiosis might actually be under the control of the micro-organisms rather than ourselves. This Scientific American article reviews some of the same research as Zimmer’s piece and includes a variety of additional links to plumb through.

On a slightly different, but related, topic: this article in Slate considers whether or not hand sanitizers like Purell have any real effect in preventing the spread of diseases like colds and flu, then goes on to consider the weightier question of whether it’s really a good idea at all to be trying to de-germify every surface in sight.

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Linkapalooza – Food

And lo! On the Sixth Day there were links to post! And Jeebus looked down and said [this is good].

We begin with “A Mystery Solved”: For several years now, the valiant citizenry of New York have been driven to distraction by the occasional but powerful aroma of maple syrup wafting through Manhattan’s concrete canyons. The times being what they are, the initial reaction of many Gothamites was to lose their freaking shit that it might be a bioterrorist attack cleverly concealed by a delectable aroma. That’s what you get for living in a city that smells like a sewer — the immediate assumption that anything that smells good MUST be evil. (One can only imagine the level of shit-freaking that would happen in Boston, which smells like a sewer AND low tide, AND went ballistic over those LED signs a couple of years ago). But this very morning, sayeth the Gray Lady, the source of the smell of mapley jihad has been identified: a processing plant that makes additives for food and fragrance products, which has been processing fenugreek seeds for the perfume industry. Fenugreek is well known to anyone who cooks Indian cuisine, and is apparently a significant ingredient in artificial maple syrup flavorings (who knew?). It also has a variety of beneficial health effects, and is recommended to breastfeeding mothers to increase milk supply. Expect Michale Bloomberg to take credit for improving the health of New Yorkers in 3…2…1…

Next, we ask the musical question “Coffee, Is There Anything It Can’t Do?”: If you’re like me (and if you’re not, you really should be), every morning you have to dump the previous morning’s used coffee grounds prior to making your daily pot of America’s Favorite Drug. Wouldn’t it be great, you think (okay, you probably don’t, but play along with me), if there were some planet-friendly thing you could do with coffee grounds other than make compost. Via Slashfood comes a link to this product concept that was submitted to a conference on “greener gadgets” being held later this month in New York City (presumably WITHOUT the death-wielding maple aroma). You put your coffee grounds into a little cartridge doo-dad that connects to the top of the printer, then wiggle the doo-dad back and forth as the paper feeds through the device, and the day-old coffee is magically transformed into “ink”. Anyone who has ever dumped their morning joe on their shirt can speak to the near-indelibility of coffee stains, so it’s a perfect medium for quick, cheap, environmentally-conscious printing. Plus, your documents will have the rich, luxurious aroma of freshly-brewed coffee…although this may mean that they will be classified as Weapons of Mass Destruction in New York City.

Speaking of the Devil’s Brew, the United States Army takes its coffee pretty damn seriously, maggot! American military action in the 20th Century was fueled on nothing but strong black coffee and unfiltered cigarettes, because that’s how fucking tough we were back then. Hitler didn’t stand a chance against the G.I.s and their cuppa joe. The blog Entropic Memes recently offered this excellent post about the Army’s 1951 in-depth analysis of the essential facts about coffee: it’s preparation, it’s storage, the type of beans to purchase, anything and everything about it. Illustrated with many of the tables and graphs from the report, the post tells us that the Army bought 8.5 million pounds of coffee per month back then, and that’s a lotta beans to count.

Our next subject is one last “fuck you” to France from George W. Bush: Among the assorted last-minute bits of fuckwittery enacted by the outgoing Bushies was the imposition of punitive tariffs on a variety of imported food products as retribution for the banning of American beef, particularly in the EU. The most outrageous imposition was increasing the tariff on Roquefort cheese to 300%, essentially destroying the market for Roquefort in the United States. Luckily for the makers of Roquefort, exports to the U.S. only account for about 450 tons out of an annual export market of about 3,700 tons, but still represents more than 10% of the total exports. I am a total fanatic for blue cheeses in general, and I adore Roquefort, though on a daily basis I am much more likely to buy the locally-produced Great Hill blue, but I do love me some Roquefort. Thanks again, George.

Finally, in Tuesday’s Food & Wine section of the New York Times there was this article which almost reads like a bulletin from the Department of Duh: Americans don’t know how to cook for themselves, which contributes to the national epidemic of obesity. Nowhere is this more evident, says Julia Moskin, the article’s author, than on the NBS series “The Biggest Loser”, where obese people compete to see who can lose the most weight, but have to be shown from the ground up not only how to incorporate exercise into their lives, but how to prepare basic, nutritionally sound meals. Not surprisingly, they also need to be taught WHAT to eat. Oh, and, quel suprise!, many of the participants on the show balloon right back up just as soon as they don’t have someone forcing the broccoli down their throats.

Of course, you can’t generalize too far. Speaking as someone who loves to cook but also loves to eat and as such passes a pretty good resemblance to the Stay-Puft Marshmallow Man, I can attest to the counter-argument that knowing how to cook doesn’t necessarily mean you’re not going to overeat. Indeed, knowing how to cook is a pretty good way to insure that you WILL overeat. Nevertheless, the trend away from regular meal preparation to more and more consumption of restaurant food (primarily fast food, but not entirely) and the lack of awareness of basic nutrition go hand-in-hand with the excessive weight gain that is so prevalent in this country and in the U.K.

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The All-You-Can-Blog Cafe

(Anybody got a better term to use than “link dump” for these posts? It just doesn’t have any poetry to it at all)

Here in the Northeastern U.S. we’re having our first heat wave of the summer, and anyone with any common sense at all is grilling outside rather than heating up the kitchen by using the stove. There are those who do nothing but grill all summer, but I think that gets pretty repetitious. Depending on the weather, I probably grill once or twice a week in the summer, even in the brutal heat like this. There is a fair amount of concern that eating too much grilled meat, particularly beef and chicken, can increase the risk of developing cancer; both the heat and the smoke create carcinogens called heterocyclic amines. But a new study shows that rubbing meat with chopped rosemary can reduce the amount of HCAs that are formed during grilling. A similar study released last year indicated that most herbs, but especially those related to mint, provided some reduction in HCA production. In addition to rosemary, that includes commonly-used herbs like basil, oregano, thyme, and sage. They even found siginificant results using the herbs in marinades, but the best results came from rubs or adding the chopped herbs directly to the meat for hamburgers.

Whenever we go to New York, we like to try to find great places to eat. The problem is that there are so many food establishments in New York City, and we only go once or twice a year, so we are not anywhere near knowledgeable enough to be able to pick out the real gems from the endless selection. So it helps when a New York-centric food blog like Serious Eats offers up something like this guide to the best Chinese soup noodle shops in New York’s Chinatown. Chinatown being what it is, you really can’t judge a place by the way it looks from the outside, so an insider’s knowledge is critical. Also, unlike the food porn magazines, which might list a bunch of places but rarely dare to tell you when a place is awful, these guys tell it like it is.

Food writer Peter Hertzmann used to have a very extensive section of his website devoted to a fabulous guide to basic knife skills. Then he got smart and wrote a book. Unfortunately, in the process, he took down all the web pages — why give it away when you can sell it for $29.95, right? All that’s left at that second link is some promotional stuff for the book and a handy link to order it from Amazon. This book should be a must-have for anyone who takes cooking seriously or wants to learn. I haven’t bought it yet, but I will.

Back in Ye Olden Dayes, soda pop came in 8-ounce bottles, but gradually the size of a bottle of soda grew and grew. After all, how else were they going to sell us more and more? The now-ubiquitous 20-ounce plastic bottle settled in as the standard size shortly after it was introduced in 1992. A 20-ounce bottle is, technically speaking, two and a half servings of the beverage, since the serving size is still measured at 8 ounces. But is there anybody who actually treats a bottle of soda as two and a half servings? Of course not. Meanwhile, we’re all fat as hippos. But this post at The Consumerist says that the Coke-n-Pepsi boys are in a dither because sales of 20-ounce bottles are actually declining as people are beginning to realize the implications of downing all that soda. Not sure which way to go, the soda giants are test marketing both a 16-ounce size and a 24-ounce size to see which best improves the bottom line.

It’s not just soda, either. Food products in every category have seen their portion sizes double, triple, or more in the last 20 years. Check out this recent post at Divine Caroline, which compares average portion sizes from 20 years ago with today. That’s 1988, friends, not some mystical long-ago time in the ancient past. The academic journal Science has just published a study done by some Australian researchers who studied activity levels and have developed the somewhat controversial conclusion that it’s not our activity level (or lack thereof) that is making us fat, it’s the high caloric intake. Their assessment is that on average activity levels today are no more sedentary than the activity levels of previous generations. Being a couch potato doesn’t make you fat, eating a whole bag of potato chips does. They do acknowledge that exercise does contribute to a healthier condition, but they say that attributing the obesity epidemic to inactivity is probably misplaced.

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Does This Post Make My Ass Look Big?

Why, yes, I *am* fat, thank you for noticing. Did I mention that you smell funny?

New York Times medical writer and author Gina Kolata has just published a new book entitled “Rethinking Thin: The New Science of Weight Loss — and the Myths and Realities of Dieting”, and the NYT was so kind as to run this excerpt of her book today. The excerpt presents some of the research that makes the claim that genetics influence our ability to gain, lose and maintain weight to such an extent that it is almost impossible to control your weight through diet and exercise unless you do it constantly.

There is a reason that fat people cannot stay thin after they diet and that thin people cannot stay fat when they force themselves to gain weight. The body’s metabolism speeds up or slows down to keep weight within a narrow range. Gain weight and the metabolism can as much as double; lose weight and it can slow to half its original speed.

The scientists summarized it in their paper: “The two major findings of this study were that there was a clear relation between the body-mass index of biologic parents and the weight class of adoptees, suggesting that genetic influences are important determinants of body fatness; and that there was no relation between the body-mass index of adoptive parents and the weight class of adoptees, suggesting that childhood family environment alone has little or no effect.”

In other words, being fat was an inherited condition.

A new study conducted by Harvard Medical School finds that different kinds of body fat have different effects on a person’s overall health, according to this BBC story. Subcutaneous fat — the kind that Sir Mix-A-Lot loves — actually produces hormones called “adipokines” (literally, “fat movers”) that can increase metabolism and can aid in insulin receptivity, thus reducing the risk of diabetes. Visceral fat — the All-American Beer Belly — does not have any beneficial effect.

Another new study, this one conducted at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, found that fat cells in the human body actually replace themselves over time, just like other cells. It was previously thought that this did not occur. (It has also recently been discovered that brain cells also replace themselves, which was thought to be impossible as well. Maybe that explains the large number of fat-heads in our society…but I digress…) Even in gastric-bypass patients, while the fat cells shrank, the number of fat cells in their bodies did not actually decrease. That ties in pretty well with the idea that your overall tendency toward obesity is genetic and your ability to maintain a lower weight (if you’re overweight like me) is hard to achieve.

At least, that’s my story and I’m sticking to it.

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We’re Number One! We’re Number One!

world%20obesity-sm.jpg

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A random sampling of obesity rates around the world depicted in a telling graphic. (via)

I’m a little surprised to see Mexico at #2, I would have expected the U.K. in the second spot. They’re not far behind at #3, though.

Comments:
You know I have a theory about this
Posted by Karan [URL] on 05/08/07

Thank you for linking to my site.

-Grey
Posted by grey [URL] on05/09/07

Yikes. I just figured out I’d have to lose the weight equivalent of an elementary school child to get my BMI into the “normal” range. It’s like I’m carrying a fourth-grader around all day.

At 6-4 I haven’t been close to 200 pounds since I came home from basic training twenty-five years ago. At this point I’d consider it progress just to get into the “overweight” range.
Posted by Tony [URL] on 05/09/07

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